Improvement in cooking-stoves



D. SMITH GLA. SELKIRK.

, Cooking-Stove.

No.134,172. Patented Dec.24,1872.

ng. 1. Fig. 2.

Witnesses.

Xx'nrafnovs.

UNITED STATES DAVID SMITH AND ALEXANDER SELKIRK, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKING-STCVES.

Specification forming part of Letters 'Patent No. 134,172, dated December 24, 1872.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, DAVID SMITH and ALEXANDER SELKIRK, both of the city and county of Albany, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cook-Stoves and we do hereby declare that the following is a description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the stove taken at line No. 1 in Fig. 4; Fig. 2 is a crosssectional view of the same taken at line No. l in Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is a side elevation taken at line No. 2in Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at line No. 2 in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical view of the stove taken from above,

with parts broken away, illustrating several parts of this invention; Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a section of the upper horizontal iiue and pot-holding ring, with a cooking-vessel applied, illustrating a part of the invention on an enlarged scale; and Fig. 7 is'a vertical view from beneath of the same.

Our invention relates to certain improvements in cook-stoves; and consists in certain devices, and combina-tions, and arrangements of elements, whereby the stove will be rendered self-feeding; and the quantity of the fuel being fed will be regulated and the stove can be used in part or whole for general cooking purposes; and a portion of the oven can be used for heating air to warm other rooms; and the directions of the currents given to the products of'combustion can be varied; and theI gases be made to mingle with highly heated air to consume the same; and the condition of the lower or grate-surface fire can be readilyY ascertained without opening the door of the ash-pit; and water can be readily brought to a boil from the side of the stove; and the stove be provided with sundry shelves for holding vessels without excessively heating the same; and the cooking-pot can have brought under it a variety of volumes of heat to variously ailect the same; and the ashes can'be readily removed from the ash-pan from beneath; by all of which the stove will be rendered more convenient, and effectual, and economical for cooking purposes, while the stove will be under complete control of the attendant.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceed to de- -scribe it in reference to the drawing and the letters of reference marked thereon, the same letters indicating like parts.

In the drawing, A A represent two separate tire-boxes, each of which is llocated on a side of the center ot' the stove, as shown in Figs.

4 and 5. The saidre-boxes'are separated by any suitable division plate or platesT and are intended to be used single or together, as might be required by the circumstances of the season, whether for winter or summer use, orl

by the quantity of cooking to be done. a is a division-plate running down from the top plate of the stove to the lower plate of the same, dividing the combustion-chamber and the several lines at about their center. On each side of the said division-plate a is a vertical lue, B, into which the products of combustion pass from the combustion-chamber A', as shown by arrows. The said lues B B each communicate with their respective horizontal ilues C C on each side of the partition-piece al, which runs from the front to the rear of the stove. Connecting with the said ues C C is the vertical flue D, located at the opposite end of the stove, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, divided by the division-plate a2, as shown in Fig. 5, in such a manner as to form two dis-` tinct and separate tlues. The saidv ilues D D communicate with the horizontal ues E E and F F, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 5, and communication may be made with either of the said hues E and F, or be cut off from the same by the damper b, Fig. 3, which damper can beturned in the several postions 1, 2, 3, and 4, as shown by full and dotted lines. G G, Figs. l, 3, and 5, are vertical lues located at the end ot' the oven opposite from the tlues D D, and between the oven and the {ire-boxes A A, and leading from the ilues E and F intothe ilues HH, Figs. 3 and 4. At the junction of the said flues E, F, and G is placed a damper, c, which is capable of being turned to any -of the positions 1, 2, and 3, Figs. 1 and 3, to

the iue F, to return bythe flue E, to enter the flue G, to be discharged ,through flue H into the exit-flue I; but when the damper c is turned to position l the draft will be direct from the combustion-chamber through the flue G, and thence out; and, if the damper e is turned to position 2, Fig. 4, and the damper c to position 2, and the damper b to position l or 2, the draft will be in a direction first down the flue B, thence through the flue C, and up the flue D into the flue E, and down the ue G, and through the Hue H into the dischargetlue I 5 and if the damper c is turned to position 3, and the damper Z) to position 4, and the damper e, Fig. 4, is suffered to remain in position 2, the draft will be the same as before, excepting it will pass through tlue F instead of liuc E, and thus completely surround the oven. A direct draft through the exit-flue I is had by opening the damper e, and throwing the damper c to position 2, and the damper b to position 1, when the draft will be made to pass directly from the fire-pot into the flue B B, thence to the exit-pipe I, by passing through an aperture, e3, made in the divisionplate between the dues B B, into the said exitflue I, as shown in Figs. l and 4. Thus, by the several fines and dampers, the heat can be variously conducted and distributed, as may be required either for cooking or baking, or both. If required for baking only, we would cause the draft to pass through the flues B, C, D, E, F, and. G, when the potholes J over the fire, could be used for boiling or frying, or, if a number of kinds of food is required to be cooked by either boiling or frying, the draft would be made to move through the dues F and E, and into the flue G to be discharged, and if only one or two pot-holes are to b'e used, and no baking to be done, the draft will be directed out into the exit-flue I, or through the flues G and E direct. It is therefore seen that by these several arrangements ofthe said fines and dampers five different directions can be given to the draft, each attended with diiferent results, so as to adapt the stove and its re most completely to any of the circumstances or necessities that might arise. iiue B and the nre-box A is arranged the freshair duct K, which is intended to admit air to mingle with the gases escaping from the combustion-chamber, to aid to consume the same as it is drawn by the draft into the ue B, or to escape into the combustion-chamber over the lire when the draft is directed through the 'lues F or G. The air is admitted to the said duet K preferably through the duct K', placed beneath the ash-pit, though it could be drawn directly from beneath the stove by any proper liuc, if desired. Thev top of the said duct is closed, excepting the several ports x x, s hown in Figs. 4 and 5, through which the air 1s to escape to mingle with the gas in small streams. L is the oven, which is divided in aboutits center by the door or partition d, Fig. 2, which we prefer to hang at f, so as to be capable of being thrown up to the top of the 'a time.

Between the oven, as shown by dotted lines, though the said partition may be made to swing to a side, and be made to consist of one or more pieces. By this arrangement the oven can be made toembrace all the space between the sides of the stove, or the oven be divided so as to form two distinct ovens, in which to bake variously or to be used one at M M are the grates, which are made to slope from the sides of the stove to the center of the same, as shown in Fig. 4. NN are fuel-reservoirs, placed each on the side of the stove, and communicating with the fire-pots A A, and are intended to supply the said firepots with fuel by force of gravity by means of the sloping grates. The said reservoirs are each provided with a gate, g, which is intended to be used to cut ott' or let in the fuel from the reservoir to the fire-pot, and are operated by a gearwheel, h, working in a rack, j, as shown in Fig. 4, which may be operated by a crank or hand wheel, not shown. By this arrangement the quantity of fuel supplied to the fire-pot for combustion can be perfectly regulated by throwing the said gate down to a greater or less distance. We also make the oven L to serve as a heater, by either using the whole of the oven or a portion, L', of the same, as shown in Fig. l, and the air is admitted into the said oven through the registers m m made in the side doors of the stove, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1 and full lines in Fig. 2. Vtlith the said oven or portion L' of the same we arrange the hot-air ducts I P', preferably arranged under the bottom of the stove, as shown, (though the said ducts may be located elsewhere, as at the side or back of the stove,) to discharge into any suitable pipe or pipes to lead into rooms above or at the side. Vhere it is convenient to do so, we would recommend that the cold air admitted into the. oven to be heated be drawn outside the room in which the stove is set, so that none of the fumes of the cooking be carried to the rooms being warmed by heated air thus made. Q is a water-tank, located back of the stove, and in intimate connection with the combustion-chamber A', as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 5. The back wall q of the said tank is made to constitute the Jfire-wall ofthe said chamber, and, being thus constructed and arranged, the water in the tank can be readily brought to a boil. IVith the fuehreservoirs N N we arrange the covers N' N', made with extended ends u n, as shown in Fig. 5, with parts broken away exposing the reservoir, which are intended to serve as shelves for holding any dishes or vessels which it may be desired to have slightly warmed or temporarily held. R is a square lhole made in the top plate of the stove, and communicating with the ue F, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. The said hole is provided with a plate, s, of corresponding form, provided with a pot-hole, .I, as shown, which is to receive the pit of any vessel that may be set therein. On the under side of the said plate s are arranged the two drop-flanges t t, having a width equal to about the depth of the flue F, as shown in Fig. 6. e The said anges are so arranged that the space between the same on one side will Y be about as wide as the plate s will allow to be made, as shown at side 1, while on the opposite side the space between the said flanges will be contracted, as at side2. By this arrangement, when any vessel is set in the pothole T so as its pit will drop into the fine F,

` and the plate s is turned to receive the draft,

the heat will be gathered toward the vessel, and be made to impinge most forcibly on all the exposed surface of the pit; but when side 2 is turned to receive the draft a portion of the heat will be suffered to act on the vessel, while the rest will be warded off; and if side 3 or 4 is turned to the draft the vessel will be wholly shielded from the heat. By this arrangement we are able to receive for action on the vessels three different degrees of heat-for rapid boiling, or simmering, or for keeping hot or warm only. In the door u of the ash-pit U we place one or more mica lights, o, which will permit observation'in the interior of the said ashpit .when the door is closed, so that the attendant when shaking the grate will not need to open any damper or door to observe when the grate has been sufficiently shaken.

These improvements are simple and are well .adapted for use in climates where the seasons vary, as from winter to summer alternate, as

one-half or the whole of the stove can be used 'l `as occasions or circumstances might demand. These improvements also render the stove more economical for use, and convenient for voperation and control.

` pose set forth.

3. The combination of the division-plate a I with the flues B B andG Gand damper e,sub-

stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of the ues B, C, D, E,

f Gr, and H withthe combustion-chamber A' and exit-flue I, substantially as and for the `'purpose set forth.

5. In a stove, the combination of the two sets of flues B, C, D, E, G, and H with the two combustion-chambers A' A' and the exitpipe I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. Y

6. The combination of the flue F, damper c, flue E, and damper b with the combustionchamber A' and flues Gr, H, and I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7 The combination of the combustion-ch amber A', lues E and F, and dampers c and b with the flues D, C, H, and I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination of the division-plates al,

, a2, and a3 with the two sets of iiues O C, D D,

E E, (or F F or bot-11,) GG, and HH, whereby each of the said sets of iiues will be separate and independent, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination of the flue G and H with the combustion-chamber A' and the exit-pipe I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination of the dampers b and c with the flues D, E, F, and G, and combustion-chamber A', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination of the dampers c and b with the flues E and F, combustion-chamber A', vertical flue B, damper e, and aperture e3, and flue I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. The combination of the cold-air ducts or flues K and K' and ports x w with the vertical flue B and combustion-chamber A', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. In a cook-stove, the combination of the swinging dividing-plate d and oven L with the duplex flues E E', F F', D D', G C', and G G, and their dampers c b, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14. In a cooking-stove, the combination of the two separate fuel-reservoirs N N withthe separate and distinct re-pots A A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination of the pinion h and rack j with the gate g, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. The combination of the extended ends n, one or more, with the reservoir-cover N', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

17. In combination with the pot-h0le plate s, the drop-anges t t, when the said drop anges are so arranged as to be capable of elfectin g the three different resulting degrees of heat to the cooking-vessel placed thereon, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

DAVID SMITH. ALEXANDER SELKIRK.

Witnesses GEO. A. '.lHoMPsoN, DANIEL B. HILLIARD. 

